La Zarzuela tiene sus inicios en el siglo XVII, en la época de la Corte de Felipe IV. Lope de Vega, Calderón de la Barca, Carlos Patiño, Juan Hidalgo, entre otros, se reunían en el pabellón de caza del Palacio de la Zarzuela, a las afueras de Madrid, donde actualmente residen los reyes de España. Este género se diferencia de la ópera principalmente por que utiliza partes cantadas y dialogadas, en lugar de los recitativos, alternado con canciones, coro y danza, desarrollando temas tradicionales.
En el período romántico venezolano se inauguró el ya desaparecido Teatro Caracas (1854-1913). En este se llevaron a cabo las primeras representaciones de zarzuela en el país, a cargo de la Compañía Lírico Dramática de Saturnino Blen en 1864, quienes se estrenaron con la zarzuela Catalina de Rusia o La Estrella de Mar.
El 18 de agosto de 1866 se reinaugura el Teatro La Unión, con el nombre de Teatro de la Zarzuela (conocido también como Teatro Maderero), ofreciendo espectáculos de carácter popular especialmente recordados los nacimientos y jerusalenes. Ubicado en la esquina de Maderero, este recinto reabrió sus puertas con la zarzuela Las Hijas de Eva de Gaztambide. Un mes después se estreno la zarzuela Los Alemanes en Italia de José Angel Montero –autor de la “Virginia”, primera ópera venezolana-, siendo ésta la primera en su género ejecutada en Caracas.
La Zarzuela ocupo un lugar de preponderancia (al igual que la ópera) en el desarrollo musical del país presentando importantes compañías y cantantes del mundo en temporadas en los Teatro Municipal y Nacional de Caracas.
El Teatro Teresa Carreño ha presentado zarzuelas como La Chulapona y Don Gil de Alcala (1991), La Gran Vía (1993), Antología de la Zarzuela (1990-1994-2001) y Luisa Fernanda (2004).
En el período romántico venezolano se inauguró el ya desaparecido Teatro Caracas (1854-1913). En este se llevaron a cabo las primeras representaciones de zarzuela en el país, a cargo de la Compañía Lírico Dramática de Saturnino Blen en 1864, quienes se estrenaron con la zarzuela Catalina de Rusia o La Estrella de Mar.
El 18 de agosto de 1866 se reinaugura el Teatro La Unión, con el nombre de Teatro de la Zarzuela (conocido también como Teatro Maderero), ofreciendo espectáculos de carácter popular especialmente recordados los nacimientos y jerusalenes. Ubicado en la esquina de Maderero, este recinto reabrió sus puertas con la zarzuela Las Hijas de Eva de Gaztambide. Un mes después se estreno la zarzuela Los Alemanes en Italia de José Angel Montero –autor de la “Virginia”, primera ópera venezolana-, siendo ésta la primera en su género ejecutada en Caracas.
La Zarzuela ocupo un lugar de preponderancia (al igual que la ópera) en el desarrollo musical del país presentando importantes compañías y cantantes del mundo en temporadas en los Teatro Municipal y Nacional de Caracas.
El Teatro Teresa Carreño ha presentado zarzuelas como La Chulapona y Don Gil de Alcala (1991), La Gran Vía (1993), Antología de la Zarzuela (1990-1994-2001) y Luisa Fernanda (2004).
© Centro Documental
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Texto publicado en el programa de mano de “La Leyenda del Beso” Marzo-2008
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Saturnino Blen con su compañía de Teatro, estuvo varios años en Caracas, y luego migró hacia Centroamérica, trayendo consigo a dos actrices venezolanas de notable belleza, las hermanas Zafrané. Se instalaron en León y Granada de Nicaragua donde se disolvió la compañía luego de que sus dos hijas menores se casaran, una (María Concepción Blen Muñoz) con el Cónsul de España en Granada, don Vicente Rodriguez, y la otra (María del Carmen Blen Muñoz), con el caballero granadino don José María Falla Lacayo, mi bisabuelo. Que bello encontrar esta referencia histórica al papel de la Compañía Blen introduciendo la Zarzuela en la Venezuela de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
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